SPPU BE Computer Laboratory(I,II,III,IV) And Project RELATED STUDY MATERIAL: CL1 PMCD practice program solution

Write Lex program for Sample language Program

#include<stdio.h>

fpoint [0-9]+-[0-9]+

delimit [ \t\n]

letter [a-zA-Z]+

intconst [0-9]+

us [_]

int |char | double | float {printf("\n\t %s is a data type", yytext);}

if | static | void | for | do | while | switch | printf | getch | stdio | include | main {printf ("\n\t%s is a keyword", yytext);}

"+" | "-" | "*" | "%" | "/" {printf ("\n\t %s is an arithcmatic operator",yytext);}

"&" | "|" {printf ("\n\t%s is Bitwise operator",yytext);}

"&&" | "||" {printf ("\n\t%s is Logical operator", yytext);}

"=" {printf ("\n\t %s is assignment operator ",yytext);}

">>" | "<<" {printf("\n\t%s is shift operator",yytext);}

"<" | ">" | "<=" | ">=" { printf ("\n\t%s is Relational operator",yytext); }

":" | ";" | "," {printf ("\n\t%s is a terminator",yytext);}

"#" | "." | "$" | "(" | ")" | "{" | "}" | "@" | "\"" {printf ("\n \t%s is a special symbol",yytext);}

"\\n" | "\\t" {printf ("\n\t %s is the escape sequence",yytext);}

{intconst} {printf ("\n\t%s is integer constant", yytext);}

{fpoint} {printf ("\n \t%s is floating point number",yytext);}

{delimit} {printf ("\n\t%s is delimiter",yytext);}

{letter}({intconst}|{letter}|{us})* {printf("\n\t %s is identifier",yytext);}

{intconst}({letter})* {printf("\n\t%s is Invalid token", yytext);}

main()

{

FILE *fp;

fp=fopen("lex2.txt","r");

if(fp==NULL){

printf("\n\t cannot open file");

}

else {

yyin=fp;

yylex();

}

fclose(fp);

return 1;

}

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

Output:-

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$lex let.l

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$cc lex.yy.c

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$clear

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out

# is integer constant

include is identifier

< is integer constant

stdio is identifier.

h is identifier>

is delimiter

void is identifier

is delimiter

main is identifier()

is delimiter{

is delimiter

int is assignment operator

is delimiter

a is identifier

= is assignment operator

3 is integer constant,

b is identifier

= is assignment operator

2 is integer constant,

c is identifier

= is assignment operator

0 is integer constant;

is delimiter

int is assignment operator

is delimiter

2ls is Invalid token;

is delimiter

c is identifier

= is assignment operator

a is identifier

+ is assignment operator

b is identifier;

is delimiter

printf is identifier();

is delimiter}

WRITE A PROGRAM FOR VERIFICATION OF SWITCH CASE

LEX PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>

#include "y.tab.h"

[\n\t ]+ ;

switch return SWITCH;

case return CASE;

default return DEFAULT;

break return BREAK;

[a-zA-Z]+ return VAR;

[0-9]+ return CONST;

. return yytext[0];

int yywrap() {return 1;}

YACC program

%token SWITCH VAR CONST CASE DEFAULT BREAK

e:SWITCH '(' VAR ')' '{' e1 '}' {printf("\nSwitch verified..\n");

exit(0);}

;

e1:CASE CONST ':' ANYTHING ';' b

|DEFAULT ':' ANYTHING ';' b

;

ANYTHING:VAR '=' CONST

;

b:BREAK ';' b

|e1

;

main()

{

yyparse();

return 0;

}

void yyerror(const char *s)

{

printf("\n%s\n",s);

}

/* OUTPUT ::

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$lex b.l

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$bison -yd b1.y

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$cc lex.yy.c y.tab.c

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out

switch(ch)

{

case 1:

a=0;

break;

}

Switch verified..

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out

switch(ch)

{

}

syntax error

WRITE A PROGRAM FOR MAIN VERIFICATION AND INSIDE IF – ELSE SYNTAX

LEX PROGRAM

#include "y.tab.h"

int line=1;

[\n] {line++;}

[\t ] {}

void {return VOID;}

if {return IF;}

else {return ELSE;}

main {return MAIN;}

argc {return ARGC;}

argv {return ARGV;}

printf {return PRINTF;}

int {return INT;}

char {return CHAR;}

[0-9]+ {return CONST;}

[a-z]+ {return VAR;}

. {return yytext[0];}

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

YACC program

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<string.h>

FILE *fo;

extern int line;

%token MAIN VOID ELSE IF PRINTF VAR CONST INT CHAR ARGC ARGV

e:VOID MAIN '(' e1 ')' '{' e4 '}' { fprintf(fo,"\nIf-Else is verified!\n");fprintf(fo,"\nTotal lines=%d",line); exit(0);}

;

e1:INT ARGC ',' CHAR '*' ARGV

;

e4:IF '(' VAR '>' VAR ')' '{' e5 '}' e6

;

e5:PRINTF '(' '"' VAR '"' ')' ';'

;

e6:ELSE '{' e5 '}'

;

main()

{

fo=fopen("b.txt","w");

yyparse();

return(0);

}

int yyerror(const char *s)

{

printf("\n%s\n",s);

return 0;

}

//a.txt :input file

void main()

{

if(a>b)

{

printf("a");

}

else

{

printf("b");

}

//b.txt : output file

If-Else is verified!

Total lines=11

WRITE A PROGRAM FOR LOOP VERIFICATION

LEX PROGRAM

#include "y.tab.h"

#include<stdio.h>

[\n\t ]+ {printf("%s",yytext);}

"for" { printf("%s",yytext); return FOR;}

"int" { printf("%s",yytext); return INT;}

"break" { printf("%s",yytext); return BREAK; }

[a-zA-Z]+ { printf("%s",yytext); return VAR; }

[0-9]+ { printf("%s",yytext); return NUM; }

[<>=/+-/*//]+ { printf("%s",yytext); return OPR;}

. { printf("%s",yytext); return yytext[0]; }

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

void yyerror(const char *s)

{

printf("\n\t%s",s);

exit(0);

}

YACC PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

%token FOR INT BREAK VAR NUM OPR

E1: FOR '(' E ')' '{' E2 '}'

;

E : INT VAR OPR NUM ';' VAR OPR NUM ';' VAR OPR

| VAR OPR NUM ';' VAR OPR NUM ';' VAR OPR

| VAR OPR NUM ';' VAR OPR VAR ';' VAR OPR

;

E2: VAR OPR VAR E3

|E1 E2

;

E3: OPR VAR E3

|';' E2

;

int main()

{

yyparse();

printf("\n\tValid For Loop Statements!!!\n" );

return 0;

}

./a.out <ip.txt

for(i=0;i<5;i++)

{

c=a+b-c;

d=e-f;

for(j=0; j<8;j++)

{

c=a+b;

}

Valid For Loop Statements!!!

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$

WRITE A PROGRAM IF- ELSE VERIFICATION

LEX PROGRAM

#include"y.tab.h"

if {return(IF);}

else {return(E1);}

"(" {return(OPBR);}

")" {return(CLBR);}

[a-zA-Z]+ {return(VAR);}

[0-9]+ {return(CONST);}

"=" {return(EQU);}

"<"|">" {return(RELOP);}

"!" {return(NOT);}

"{" {return(OPCB);}

"}" {return(CLCB);}

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

YACC Program

#include<stdio.h>

int flag=0;

%token IF E1 OPBR CLBR OPCB CLCB EQU RELOP NOT VAR CONST

S:IF OPBR VAR RELOP CONST CLBR OPCB CLCB

E1 OPCB CLCB {printf("verifide");flag=1;}

int main()

{

yyparse();

return;

}

int yyerror()

{

if(flag==0)

printf("not verifide");

return;

}

................

output

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$gedit b311.l

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$lex b311.l

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$YACC -d sah.y

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$cc lex.yy.c y.tab.c

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out

if(a>5)

{}

else

{}

Verified

WRITE A PROGRAM FOR SWITCH CASE VERIFICATION

LEX PROGRAM

extern FILE *fp;

#include"y.tab.h"

[\t]+ {}

switch {return SWITCH;}

case {return CASE;}

break {return BREAK;}

default {return DEFAULT;}

"{" {return OBRS;}

"}" {return CBRS;}

";" {return SEMIC;}

"(" {return OBRC;}

")" {return CBRC;}

":" {return COL;}

printf {return PRINTF;}

scanf {return SCANF;}

"=" {return EQL;}

["] {return DOQ;}

[a-zA-Z]+ {return VAR;}

[0-9]+ {return NUM;}

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

YACC program

#include<stdio.h>

FILE *fo=NULL;

%token SWITCH CASE NUM VAR PRINTF SCANF OBRS CBRS OBRC CBRC BREAK DEFAULT COL SEMIC EQL DOQ

e1:SWITCH OBRC VAR CBRC OBRS e2 CBRS {printf("\nSwitch is verified"); exit(0);} | SWITCH OBRC VAR CBRC OBRS e6 CBRS {printf("\nSwitch is verified");} ;

e2:CASE NUM COL e6 b e3;

e3:CASE NUM COL e6 b e4;

e4:CASE NUM COL e6 b;

b:BREAK SEMIC ;

e5:VAR | NUM ;

e6:PRINTF OBRC DOQ e5 DOQ CBRC SEMIC | VAR EQL e5 SEMIC;

main()

{

FILE *fp;

fp=fopen("p.txt","r");

if(fp!=NULL)

{

yyparse();

}

fcloseall();

}

void yyerror(const char *s)

{

printf("\n%s",s);

}

Text file p.txt

switch(a)

{

case 1:c=4;

break;

case 2:printf("pawan");

break;

case 3:printf("sachin");

break;

}

WRITE A PROGRAM FOR VERIFICATION OF IF ELSE WITH NESTED IF

LEX PROGRAM

#include"y.tab.h"

#include<stdio.h>

[\t\n ] ;

if {return IF;}

else {return ELSE;}

printf {return PRINTF;}

[a-zA-Z]+ {return VAR;}

[0-9]+ {return NUM;}

. {return yytext[0];}

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

YACC PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>

%token IF ELSE VAR NUM PRINTF

E:IF'('VAR'>'VAR')''{'e2'}' ELSE'{'e2'}' {printf("IF-ELSE is VERIFIED");}

;

e2:E {printf("Inner");}

|PRINTF'(''"'VAR'"'')'';'

;

int main()

{

yyparse();

return 0;

}

void yyerror(char *s)

{

printf("\nError %s",s);

}

//******************* OUTPUT ********************//

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$lex 280.l

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$bison -yd 280new3.y

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$cc lex.yy.c y.tab.c

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out

if(a>b)

{

if(a>b)

{

if(a>b)

{

printf("a");

}

else

{

printf("b");

}

IF-ELSE is VERIFIEDInner

}

else

{

if(a>b)

{

printf("a");

}

else

{

printf("b");

}

IF-ELSE is VERIFIEDInner

}

IF-ELSE is VERIFIEDInner

}

else

{

printf("x");

}

IF-ELSE is VERIFIED[root@localhost ~]#

//** OUTPUT : ERROR CASE **

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out

if(a>)

Error syntax errorccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out

If(A>)

Error syntax errorccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$

WRITE A PROGRAM FOR VERIFICATION OF simple MAIN Program Construct

LEX PROGRAM

#include "y.tab.h"

main {return MAIN;}

"(" {return OB;}

")" {return CB;}

"{" {return O;}

"}" {return C;}

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

YACC Program

#include <stdlib.h>

%token MAIN OB CB O C

e:MAIN OB CB O C {printf(" this is validated "); exit(0);}

;

int main()

{

yyparse();

return 0;

}

yyerror()

{

printf("this is error");

}

WRITE A PROGRAM FOR VERIFICATION OF # Define Pre-processor construct

LEX PROGRAM

#include "y.tab.h"

extern int yylval;

"#" {return HASH;}

define {return DEFINE;}

"<" {return AS;}

"." {return DOT;}

h {return H;}

">" {return AC;}

[a-z]+ {yylval = yytext[0]; return (FN);}

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

YACC PPROGRAM

#include <stdio.h>

%token HASH DEFINE AS FN DOT H AC

e:HASH DEFINE AS FN DOT H AC {printf(" this is valid");exit(0);}

;

main()

{

yyparse();

return 0;

}

int yyerror()

{

printf(" the error");

}

WRITE A PROGRAM TO GENERATE THREE ADDRESS CODE FOR IF STATEMENT

LEX PROGRAM

#include "y.tab.h"

int lineno=1,flag=1;

extern FILE *fp;

"\n" {lineno++;}

[ \t]+ {}

[0-9]+ {yylval.no=atoi(yytext); return digit;}

"<=" |

">=" |

"<" |

">" |

"!=" |

"==" {if(flag==1) {printf("%s", yytext);} return rel_op;}

"{" {return opcrl;}

"}" {return clocrl;}

"(" {printf("("); return bracs_op;}

")" {printf(")"); flag=0; return bracs_cl;}

"if" {printf("if"); flag=1; return if_id;}

"else" {printf("else"); flag=1; return else_id;}

[a-z]+ { strcpy(yylval.str,yytext); if(flag==1) {printf("%s", yytext);} return id;}

"$" {return(yytext[0]);}

. { return(yytext[0]);}

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

yyerror(char *s)

{

printf("%s at line no %d for %s ",s, lineno,yytext);

exit(1);

}

YACC program

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<string.h>

typedef struct intercode

{

char optor;

char op1[10];

char op2[10];

char res[10];

}intercode;

intercode ic_if[50],ic_else[50];

int allrows,temp=1,cnt_if=0;

char goto_if[]="goto L0\0",goto_else[]="goto L1\0";

%union

{

int no;

char str[10];

}

%token <str> if_id

%token <str> else_id

%token <str> rel_op

%token <str> clocrl

%token <str> opcrl

%token <str> bracs_op

%token <str> bracs_cl

%token <str> id

%token <no> digit

%type <str> expr

%left '+' '-'

%left '*' '/'

%nonassoc '='

start : if_id bracs_op id rel_op id bracs_cl opcrl start {}

| '$' {exit(0); }

| id '=' expr ';'{ emit_if('=',$3,"",$1); yyparse();}

|clocrl{printf("goto L0 \n goto L1");

int i=0;

printf("\n \t L0 :\t" );

for(i=0;i<cnt_if;i++)

{

printf("%c",ic_if[i].optor);

printf("\t\t %s",ic_if[i].op1);

printf("\t\t %s",ic_if[i].op2);

printf("\t\t %s\n\t\t",ic_if[i].res);

}

yyparse();

}

;

expr : expr'+'expr {sprintf($$,"t%d",temp); temp++; emit_if('+',$1,$3,$$);}

| expr'-'expr {sprintf($$,"t%d",temp); temp++; emit_if('-',$1,$3,$$);}

| expr'*'expr {sprintf($$,"t%d",temp); temp++; emit_if('*',$1,$3,$$);}

| expr'/'expr {sprintf($$,"t%d",temp); temp++; emit_if('/',$1,$3,$$);}

|id {}

|digit{}

;

main(int argc,char *argv[])

{

FILE *fp;

fp=fopen("input","r");

if(!fp)

{

printf("cnt open:%s",argv[1]);

exit(1);

}

yyparse();

return 0;

}

void emit_if(char opr,char *op1, char *op2,char *res)

{

ic_if[cnt_if].optor=opr;

strcpy(ic_if[cnt_if].op1,op1);

strcpy(ic_if[cnt_if].op2,op2);

strcpy(ic_if[cnt_if].res,res);

cnt_if++;

}

************ INPUT **********************************

if(a<b)

{

c=a+b;

o=p+u;

}

************************ OUTPUT **********************

[Student@HW-01 ~]$ lex ass7.l

[Student@HW-01 ~]$ YACC -d ass7.y

[Student@HW-01 ~]$ cc lex.yy.c y.tab.c

[Student@HW-01 ~]$ ./a.out <input

if(a<b)goto L0

goto L1

L0 : + a b t1

= t1 c

+ p u t2

= t2 o

[Student@HW-01 ~]$

******************* INPUT(ERROR) **************************

if(ab)

{

c=a+b;

o=p+u;

}

************ OUTPUT **************************************

if(ab)syntax error at line no 1 for )ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$

WRITE A PROGRAM FOR SIMPLE EXPRESSION THREE ADDRESS CODE AND OPTIMIZATION

LEX PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include "y.tab.h"

int line=1,pos=0;

[\n] { line++; pos = 0; }

[\t ] {pos = pos + yyleng; }

[a-zA-Z]+ { strcpy(yylval.str,yytext); pos = pos + yyleng; return alpha; }

[0-9]+ { yylval.no = atoi(yytext); pos = pos + yyleng; return digit; }

. { pos = pos + yyleng; return yytext[0]; }

int yywrap() { return 1; }\

void yyerror(char *s)

{

printf("\nERROR : %s at line %d:%d\n",s,line,pos);

}

YACC program

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<string.h>

struct icode

{

char opr,op1[33],op2[33],res[33];

}ic[50];

int icnt=0,temp=0;

void disp();

void emit(char ,char [], char [], char []);

void codeopt();

%union {char str[33]; int no; };

%token <str> alpha

%token <no> digit

%type <str> E

%type <str> E1

%left '+' '-'

%left '*' '/'

%nonassoc '='

E1: '$' {

printf("\n\t\t Intermediate Code \n");

printf("------------------------------------------------------------------");

disp();

codeopt();

printf("\n\t\t Optimized Intermediate Code \n");

printf("------------------------------------------------------------------");

disp();

icnt = 0;temp = 0;

yyparse();

}

| alpha '=' E ';' { emit('=',$3,"",$1); yyparse(); }

;

E: E '+' E { sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++); emit('+',$1,$3,$$); }

| E '-' E { sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++); emit('-',$1,$3,$$); }

| E '*' E { sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++); emit('*',$1,$3,$$); }

| E '/' E { sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++); emit('/',$1,$3,$$); }

| '-' E { sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++); emit('-',$2,"",$$); }

| alpha {}

| digit { sprintf($$,"%d",$1); }

;

void disp()

{

int i;

printf("\n\nOperator \tOperand 1 \tOperand 2\tResult\n");

for(i=0;i<icnt;i++)

printf("%c \t\t%s \t\t%s \t\t%s\n",ic[i].opr,ic[i].op1,ic[i].op2,ic[i].res);

}

void emit(char opr,char op1[33],char op2[33],char res[33])

{

ic[icnt].opr = opr;

strcpy(ic[icnt].op1,op1);

strcpy(ic[icnt].op2,op2);

strcpy(ic[icnt++].res,res);

}

void codeopt()

{

int i,j;

for(i = 1;i<icnt;i++)

{

if(ic[i].opr == '=' && (!strcmp(ic[i].op1,ic[i-1].res) || !strcmp(ic[i].op2,ic[i-1].res)))

{

strcpy(ic[i-1].res,ic[i].res);

for(j=i;j<icnt-1;j++)

{

ic[j].opr = ic[j+1].opr;

strcpy(ic[j].op1,ic[j+1].op1);

strcpy(ic[j].op2,ic[j+1].op2);

strcpy(ic[j].res,ic[j+1].res);

}

i--;

icnt--;

}

int main()

{

yyparse();

return 0;

}

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$gedit 203.l

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$gedit 203.y

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$lex 203.l

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$bison -yd 203.y

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$cc lex.yy.c y.tab.c

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out

a=b+c*d-e/-f;$

Intermediate Code

------------------------------------------------------------------

Operator Operand 1 Operand 2 Result

* c d t0

+ b t0 t1

- f t2

/ e t2 t3

- t1 t3 t4

= t4 a

Optimized Intermediate Code

------------------------------------------------------------------

Operator Operand 1 Operand 2 Result

* c d t0

+ b t0 t1

- f t2

/ e t2 t3

- t1 t3 a

x=-b+c+d*t/e;$

Intermediate Code

------------------------------------------------------------------

Operator Operand 1 Operand 2 Result

- b t0

+ t0 c t1

* d t t2

/ t2 e t3

+ t1 t3 t4

= t4 x

Optimized Intermediate Code

------------------------------------------------------------------

Operator Operand 1 Operand 2 Result

- b t0

+ t0 c t1

* d t t2

/ t2 e t3

+ t1 t3 x

WRITE A PROGRAM TO THREE ADDRESS CODE FOR EXPRESSION

LEX PROGRAM

#include "y.tab.h"

#include<string.h>

extern FILE *fin;

int line_no=1;

"\n" {line_no++;}

[\t]+ {}

[0-9]+ {yylval.no=atoi(yytext); return DIGIT;}

[a-z]+ {strcpy(yylval.str,yytext); return ID;}

. {return yytext[0];}

void yyerror(const char *str)

{

printf("\n\t%s is at line %d for %s",str,line_no,yytext);

}

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

YACC PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<string.h>

struct icode{

char opr;

char op1[10],op2[10],res[10];

}ic[10];

int temp=1,ic_cnt=0;

FILE *fin=NULL;

%union{

char str[10];

int no;

};

%token <str> ID

%token <no> DIGIT

%type <str> E

%left '+''-'

%left '*''/'

%nonassoc '='

st:'$' { int i=0;

printf("\n\t======================================================\n");

printf("\n\tOperator\top1\t\top2\t\tResult");

printf("\n\t======================================================\n");

for(i=0;i<ic_cnt;i++)

{

printf("\n\t%c\t\t%s\t\t%s\t\t%s",ic[i].opr,ic[i].op1,ic[i].op2,ic[i].res);

printf("\n");

}

printf("\n\n");

exit(0);

}

|ID'='E';' {emit('=',$3,"",$1); yyparse();};

E:E'+'E {sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++); emit('+',$3,$1,$$);}

|E'-'E {sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++); emit('-',$3,$1,$$);}

|E'*'E {sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++); emit('*',$3,$1,$$);}

|E'/'E {sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++); emit('/',$3,$1,$$);}

|ID {}

|DIGIT {sprintf($$,"%d",$1);};

void emit(char oper,char opd1[10],char opd2[10],char result[10])

{

ic[ic_cnt].opr=oper;

strcpy(ic[ic_cnt].op1,opd1);

strcpy(ic[ic_cnt].op2,opd2);

strcpy(ic[ic_cnt].res,result);

ic_cnt++;

}

int main()

{

fin=fopen("216.txt","r");

if(!fin)

{

printf("\n\nUnable to open file...!!!");

exit(1);

}

yyparse();

fcloseall();

return(0);

}

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$gedit 216.y

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$lex 216.l

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$YACC -d 216.y

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$cc lex.yy.c y.tab.c

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out < 216.txt

======================================================

Operator op1 op2 Result

======================================================

+ b a t1

= t1 c

c=a+b;

WRITE A PROGRAM TO GENERATE INTERMEDIATE CODE AND OPTIMIZATION FOR MULTIPLE EXPRESSION

LEX PROGRAM

#include"y.tab.h"

#include<string.h>

[0-9]+ {yylval.dval=atoi(yytext); return digit;}

[a-zA-Z]+ {strcpy(yylval.str,yytext); return id;}

. return yytext[0];

int yywrap()

{

return 1;

}

YACC PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<string.h>

struct code

{

char opr;

char opd1[20],opd2[20],res[20];

}ic[20];

int icc=0,temp=1;

FILE *fp=NULL;

%union

{

char str[20];

int dval;

}

%token <dval> digit

%token <str> id

%left '+' '-'

%left '/' '*'

%nonassoc '='

%type <str> E

start: '$' {int i;

printf("\nINTERMEDIATE CODE ");

printf("\n----------- *********** -------------");

printf("\noper\topd1\topd2\tresult");

for(i=0;i<icc;i++)

{

printf("\n%c\t%s\t%s\t%s",ic[i].opr,ic[i].opd1,ic[i].opd2,ic[i].res);

};

printf("\n----------- *********** -------------");

}

| id'='E';' {emit('=',$3," ",$1);yyparse();}

;

E'+'E { sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++);

emit('+',$1,$3,$$);

}

|E'-'E { sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++);

emit('-',$1,$3,$$);

}

|E'/'E { sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++);

emit('/',$1,$3,$$);

}

|E'*'E { sprintf($$,"t%d",temp++);

emit('*',$1,$3,$$);

}

|id {}

|digit {sprintf($$,"%d",$1);}

;

void emit(char oper,char op1[20],char op2[20],char rss[20])

{

ic[icc].opr=oper;

strcpy(ic[icc].opd1,op1);

strcpy(ic[icc].opd2,op2);

strcpy(ic[icc].res,rss);

icc++;

}

void opt()

{

int i,j;

for(i=0;i<icc;i++)

{

if(ic[i].opr=='=')

{

if((strcmp(ic[i-1].res,ic[i].opd1)==0)||(strcmp(ic[i-1].res,ic[i].opd2)==0))

{

strcpy(ic[i-1].res,ic[i].res);

for(j=i;j<icc-1;j++)

{

ic[j].opr=ic[j+1].opr;

strcpy(ic[j].opd1,ic[j+1].opd1);

strcpy(ic[j].opd2,ic[j+1].opd2);

strcpy(ic[j].res,ic[j+1].res);

}

icc--;

}

void opt2()

{

int i,j,k;

for(i=0;i<icc;i++)

{

for(j=i+1;j<icc;j++)

{

if(ic[i].opr==ic[j].opr&&(strcmp(ic[i].opd1,ic[j].opd1)==0)&&(strcmp(ic[i].opd2,ic[j].opd2)==0))

{

//strcpy(ic[j].opd1,ic[i].res);

strcpy(ic[j+1].opd2,ic[i].res);

for(k=j;k<icc;k++)

{

ic[k].opr=ic[k+1].opr;

strcpy(ic[k].opd1,ic[k+1].opd1);

strcpy(ic[k].opd2,ic[k+1].opd2);

strcpy(ic[k].res,ic[k+1].res);

}

icc--;

break;

}

void disp()

{

int i;

printf("\nOPTIMIZED CODE ");

printf("\n----------- *********** -------------");

printf("\noper\topd1\topd2\tresult");

for(i=0;i<icc;i++)

{

printf("\n%c\t%s\t%s\t%s",ic[i].opr,ic[i].opd1,ic[i].opd2,ic[i].res);

}

printf("\n----------- *********** -------------\n\n");

}

int main()

{

fp=fopen("a.txt","r");

yyparse();

opt();

disp();

opt2();

disp();

return;

}

void yyerror(const char *s)

{

printf("\n");

}

intput:

q=a+b/c*d;

p=a*10-b/c;

m=q;

x=m+p;

output:

INTERMEDIATE CODE

----------- *********** -------------

oper opd1 opd2 result

/ b c t1

* t1 d t2

+ a t2 t3

= t3 q

* a 10 t4

/ b c t5

- t4 t5 t6

= t6 p

= q m

+ m p t7

= t7 x

----------- *********** -------------

OPTIMIZED CODE

----------- *********** -------------

oper opd1 opd2 result

/ b c t1

* t1 d t2

+ a t2 q

* a 10 t4

/ b c t5

- t4 t5 p

= q m

+ m p x

----------- *********** -------------

NEW OPTIMIZED CODE

----------- *********** -------------

oper opd1 opd2 result

/ b c t1

* t1 d t2

+ a t2 q

* a 10 t4

- t4 t1 p

= q m

+ m p x

----------- *********** -------------

INTERMEDIATE CODE

----------- *********** -------------

oper opd1 opd2 result

/ b c t1

* t1 d t2

+ a t2 t3

= t3 q

* a 10 t4

/ b c t5

- t4 t5 t6

= t6 p

= q m

+ m p t7

= t7 x

----------- *********** -------------

OPTIMIZED CODE

----------- *********** -------------

oper opd1 opd2 result

/ b c t1

* t1 d t2

+ a t2 q

* a 10 t4

/ b c t5

- t4 t5 p

= q m

+ m p x

----------- *********** -------------

OPTIMIZED CODE

----------- *********** -------------

oper opd1 opd2 result

/ b c t1

* t1 d t2

+ a t2 q

* a 10 t4

- t4 t1 p

= q m

+ m p x

----------- *********** -------------

WRITE A PROGRAM TO GENERATE INTERMEDIATE CODE FOR ASSIGNMENT STATEMENT (THREE ADDRESS CODE).

LEX PROGRAM

#include "y.tab.h"

#include<string.h>

quit|QUIT {exit(0);}

[a-zA-Z0-9]+ {strcpy(yylval.value, yytext); return SYMBOL;}

\n {return 0;}

. {return yytext[0];}

int yywrap(void)

{

return 0;

}

YACC PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int sindex = 0;

char temp[10] = "temp1";

struct T

{

char operand1[10];

char operator[4];

char operand2[10];

char tempvar[10];

}code[50];

%union

{

char value[10];

}

%token <value> SYMBOL

%type <value> expr stmt

%left '-' '+'

%left '*'

%left '/'

%right '^'

%nonassoc UMINUS

stmt : SYMBOL '=' expr {strcpy($$, addtotable($1, $3, "=")); temp[4] ++;}

|expr {printf("%s", $1);}

;

expr : expr '+' expr {strcpy($$, addtotable($1, $3, "+")); temp[4] ++;}

|expr '-' expr {strcpy($$, addtotable($1, $3, "-")); temp[4] ++;}

|expr '*' expr {strcpy($$, addtotable($1, $3, "*")); temp[4] ++;}

|expr '/' expr {strcpy($$, addtotable($1, $3, "/")); temp[4] ++;}

|SYMBOL {strcpy($$, $1);}

|'('expr')' {strcpy($$, $2);}

|'-'expr %prec UMINUS {strcpy($$, addtotable("", $2, "-")); temp[4] ++;}

;

char* addtotable(char *op1, char *op2, char* op)

{

strcpy(code[sindex].operand1, op1);

strcpy(code[sindex].operand2, op2);

strcpy(code[sindex].operator, op);

strcpy(code[sindex].tempvar, temp);

sindex ++;

return temp;

}

void display()

{

int i;

for(i = 0; i < sindex; i ++)

{

if(strcmp(code[i].operator, "=") != 0)

printf("\n %s = %s %s %s", code[i].tempvar, code[i].operand1, code[i].operator, code[i].operand2);

else

printf("\n %s = %s ", code[i].operand1, code[i-1].tempvar);

}

extern FILE *yyin;

int main(void)

{

printf("\n Type quit to exit.\n\n");

{

printf("\n Enter Expression : ");

yyparse();

display();

printf("\n\n");

}while(!feof(yyin));

return 0;

}

int yyerror(char *s)

{

printf("\n %s.\n", s);

}

//TERMINAL **********************************

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$lex threeassign.l

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$YACC -d threeassign.y

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$gcc lex.yy.c y.tab.c -ll

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out

Type quit to exit.

Enter Expression : a=-b*(c+d)/(e-f)

temp1 = - b

temp2 = c + d

temp3 = e - f

temp4 = temp2 / temp3

temp5 = temp1 * temp4

a = temp5

Enter Expression : quit

WRITE A PROGRAM TO GENERATE OPTIMIZED INTERMEDIATE CODE FOR ASSIGNMENT STATEMENT (THREE ADDRESS CODE).

LEX PROGRAM
%{

#include "y.tab.h"

#include<string.h>

quit|QUIT {exit(0);}

[a-zA-Z0-9]+ {strcpy(yylval.value, yytext); return SYMBOL;}

\n {return 0;}

. {return yytext[0];}

int yywrap(void)

{

return 0;

}

YACC program

#include<stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

char* addtotable(char *op1, char *op2, char* op);

int sindex = 0, optsindex = 0, repindex = 0;

int found = 0;

char temp[10] = "temp1";

struct T

{

char operand1[10];

char operator[4];

char operand2[10];

char tempvar[10];

}code[30], optcode[20];

struct tempreptable

{

char orig[10];

char replace[10];

}rep[10];

%union

{

char value[10];

}

%token <value> SYMBOL

%type <value> expr stmt

%left '-' '+'

%left '*'

%left '/'

%right '^'

%nonassoc UMINUS

stmt : SYMBOL '=' expr {strcpy($$, addtotable($1, $3, "=")); temp[4] ++;}

|expr {printf("%s", $1);}

;

expr : expr '+' expr {

if(strcmp($1, "0") != 0 && strcmp($3, "0") != 0)

{

strcpy($$, addtotable($1, $3, "+"));

temp[4] ++;

}

if(strcmp($1, "0") == 0 && strcmp($3, "0") != 0)

{

strcpy($$, addtotable($3, "", ""));

temp[4] ++;

}

if(strcmp($1, "0") != 0 && strcmp($3, "0") == 0)

{

strcpy($$, addtotable($1, "", ""));

temp[4] ++;

}

|expr '-' expr {

if(strcmp($3, "0") != 0)

{

strcpy($$, addtotable($1, $3, "-"));

temp[4] ++;

}

else

{

strcpy($$, addtotable($1, "", ""));

temp[4] ++;

}

|expr '*' expr {

if(strcmp($1, "0") == 0 || strcmp($3, "0") == 0)

{

strcpy($$, addtotable("0", "", ""));

}

else

{

if(strcmp($1, "1") != 0 && strcmp($3, "1") != 0)

{

strcpy($$, addtotable($1, $3, "*"));

temp[4] ++;

}

if(strcmp($1, "1") == 0)

{

strcpy($$, addtotable($3, "", ""));

temp[4] ++;

}

if(strcmp($3, "1") == 0)

{

strcpy($$, addtotable($1, "", ""));

temp[4] ++;

}

|expr '/' expr {

if(strcmp($3, "1") != 0 && strcmp($1, "0") != 0)

{

strcpy($$, addtotable($1, $3, "/"));

temp[4] ++;

}

if(strcmp($3, "1") == 0)

{

strcpy($$, addtotable($1, "", ""));

temp[4] ++;

}

if(strcmp($1, "0") == 0)

{

addtotable("0", "", "");

}

if(strcmp($3, "0") == 0)

{

printf("\n Error : Divide by Zero.");

}

|SYMBOL {strcpy($$, $1);}

|'('expr')' {strcpy($$, $2);}

|'-'expr %prec UMINUS {strcpy($$, addtotable("", $2, "-")); temp[4] ++;}

;

char* addtotable(char *op1, char *op2, char* op)

{

strcpy(code[sindex].operand1, op1);

strcpy(code[sindex].operand2, op2);

strcpy(code[sindex].operator, op);

strcpy(code[sindex].tempvar, temp);

sindex ++;

return temp;

}

void optimizetable()

{

int i, j;

for(i = 0; i < sindex; i ++)

{

found = 0;

for(j = 0; j < optsindex; j ++)

{

if(strcmp(code[i].operand1, optcode[j].operand1) == 0 && strcmp(code[i].operator, optcode[j].operator) == 0 && strcmp(code[i].operand2, optcode[j].operand2) == 0)

{

strcpy(rep[repindex].orig, code[i].tempvar);

strcpy(rep[repindex].replace, optcode[j].tempvar);

repindex ++;

found = 1;

}

if(strcmp(code[i].operator, "+") == 0 || strcmp(code[i].operator, "*") == 0)

{

if(strcmp(code[i].operand1, optcode[j].operand2) == 0 && strcmp(code[i].operand2, optcode[j].operand1) == 0)

{

strcpy(rep[repindex].orig, code[i].tempvar);

strcpy(rep[repindex].replace, optcode[j].tempvar);

repindex ++;

found = 1;

}

if(found == 0)

{

optcode[optsindex ++] = code[i];

}

for(i = 0; i < optsindex; i ++)

{

for(j = 0; j < repindex; j ++)

{

if(strcmp(optcode[i].operand1, rep[j].orig) == 0)

strcpy(optcode[i].operand1, rep[j].replace);

if(strcmp(optcode[i].operand2, rep[j].orig) == 0)

strcpy(optcode[i].operand2, rep[j].replace);

}

void display()

{

int i;

printf("\n\n Intermediate Code : ");

for(i = 0; i < sindex - 1; i ++)

{

printf("\n %s = %s %s %s", code[i].tempvar, code[i].operand1, code[i].operator, code[i].operand2);

}

printf("\n %s = %s ", code[i].operand1, code[i-1].tempvar);

printf("\n\n Optimized Code : ");

for(i = 0; i < optsindex; i ++)

{

if(strcmp(optcode[i].operator, "=") == 0)

printf("\n %s = %s ", optcode[i].operand1, optcode[i-1].tempvar);

else

printf("\n %s = %s %s %s", optcode[i].tempvar, optcode[i].operand1, optcode[i].operator, optcode[i].operand2);

}

printf("\n\n Replace Table For Optimized Table:\n Original\tReplace");

for(i = 0; i < repindex; i ++)

printf("\n %s\t\t%s", rep[i].orig, rep[i].replace);

}

extern FILE *yyin;

int main(void)

{

printf("\n Type quit to exit.\n\n");

{

sindex = 0;

optsindex = 0;

repindex = 0;

temp[4] = '1';

printf("\n\n\n Enter Expression : ");

yyparse();

optimizetable();

display();

}while(!feof(yyin));

return 0;

}

int yyerror(char *s)

{

printf("\n %s.\n", s);

}

//TERMINAL ****************************************

[user1@localhost ~]$ lex optimize.l

[user1@localhost ~]$ YACC -d optimize.y

[user1@localhost ~]$ gcc lex.yy.c y.tab.c -ll

[user1@localhost ~]$ ./a.out

Type quit to exit.

Enter Expression : a=(b*c)+(b*c)

Intermediate Code :

temp1 = b * c

temp2 = b * c

temp3 = temp1 + temp2

a = temp3

Optimized Code :

temp1 = b * c

temp3 = temp1 + temp1

a = temp3

Replace Table For Optimized Table:

Original Replace

temp2 temp1

________________________________________

Enter Expression : a=(b*0)+(0*b)

Intermediate Code :

temp1 = 0

temp1 = temp1 + temp1

a = temp1

Optimized Code :

temp1 = 0

temp1 = temp1 + temp1

a = temp1

Replace Table For Optimized Table:

Original Replace

temp1 temp1

________________________________________

Enter Expression : a=(b+0)+(0+b)+(b-0)

Intermediate Code :

temp1 = b

temp2 = b

temp3 = temp1 + temp2

temp4 = b

temp5 = temp3 + temp4

a = temp5

Optimized Code :

temp1 = b

temp3 = temp1 + temp1

temp5 = temp3 + temp1

a = temp5

Replace Table For Optimized Table:

Original Replace

temp2 temp1

temp4 temp1

________________________________________

Enter Expression : a=(b*1)+(1*b)-(b/1)

Intermediate Code :

temp1 = b

temp2 = b

temp3 = temp1 + temp2

temp4 = b

temp5 = temp3 - temp4

a = temp5

Optimized Code :

temp1 = b

temp3 = temp1 + temp1

temp5 = temp3 - temp1

a = temp5

Replace Table For Optimized Table:

Original Replace

temp2 temp1

temp4 temp1

WRITE A LEX AND YACC PROGRAMTO GENERATE ASSEBMLY LANGUAGE (TARGET) CODE FOR INTERMEDIATE CODE OF ASSIGNMENT STATEMENT (THREE ADDRESS CODE).

LEX PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>

#include<string.h>

#include "y.tab.h"

[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]* {strcpy(yylval.var, yytext); return SYMBOL;}

[+] {strcpy(yylval.var, yytext); return PLUS;}

[-] {strcpy(yylval.var, yytext); return SUBTRACT;}

[*] {strcpy(yylval.var, yytext); return MULTIPLY;}

[/] {strcpy(yylval.var, yytext); return DIVIDE;}

[=] {strcpy(yylval.var, yytext); return EQUAL;}

[ \t]* {}

[\n] {return '\n';}

int yywrap(void)

{

return 1;

}

YACC PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>

#include<ctype.h>

#include<string.h>

extern FILE *yyin, *yyout;

%union

{

char var[10];

}

%token<var> SYMBOL PLUS EQUAL MULTIPLY DIVIDE SUBTRACT

%type<var> exp

%right EQUAL

%left PLUS SUBTRACT

%left MULTIPLY

%left DIVIDE

input: line '\n' input

| '\n' input

| /*empty*/

;

line: SYMBOL EQUAL exp {fprintf(yyout, " MOV %s, AX\n", $1);}

|SYMBOL EQUAL SYMBOL {fprintf(yyout, " MOV AX, %s \n MOV %s, AX\n",$3,$1);}

|SYMBOL EQUAL SUBTRACT SYMBOL {fprintf(yyout, " MOV AX, - %s \n MOV %s, AX\n",$4,$1);}

;

exp: SYMBOL PLUS SYMBOL {fprintf(yyout, " MOV AX, %s \n ADD AX, %s\n",$1,$3);}

|SYMBOL SUBTRACT SYMBOL {fprintf(yyout, " MOV AX, %s \n SUB AX, %s\n",$1,$3);}

|SYMBOL MULTIPLY SYMBOL {fprintf(yyout, " MOV AX, %s \n MUL AX, %s\n",$1,$3);}

|SYMBOL DIVIDE SYMBOL {fprintf(yyout, " MOV AX, %s \n DIV AX, %s\n",$1,$3);}

;

int yyerror(char *s)

{

printf("\n Error : %s", s);

}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

if(argc == 3)

{

yyin = fopen(argv[1], "r");

yyout = fopen(argv[2], "w");

}

else

{

printf("Usage : ./a.out file1 file2");

exit(1);

}

yyparse();

printf("\n Output File Generated : %s\n\n", argv[2]);

return 1;

}

//INPUT FILE : input.txt ************************************

temp1 = a * b

temp2 = temp3 / c

temp3 = temp2 + d

temp4 = e - temp3

temp5 = - temp4

f = temp5

//TERMINAL**************************************************

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$lex target.l

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$YACC -d target.y

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$gcc lex.yy.c y.tab.c

ccpvg@ccpvg-HP-Compaq-4000-Pro-SFF-PC:~$./a.out input.txt output.txt

Output File Generated : output.txt

//OUTPUT FILE : output.txt ************************************

MOV AX, a

MUL AX, b

MOV temp1, AX

MOV AX, temp3

DIV AX, c

MOV temp2, AX

MOV AX, temp2

ADD AX, d

MOV temp3, AX

MOV AX, e

SUB AX, temp3

MOV temp4, AX

MOV AX, - temp4

MOV temp5, AX

MOV AX, temp5

MOV f, AX

SPPU BE Computer Laboratory(I,II,III,IV) And Project RELATED STUDY MATERIAL

Friday, 7 October 2016

CL1 PMCD practice program solution

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