A collection of graphical user interface (GUI)
components that were implemented using native-platform versions of the
components. These components provide that subset of functionality which is
common to all native platforms. Largely supplanted by the Project Swing
component set. See also Swing Set.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used in
a class definition to specify that a class is not to be instantiated, but
rather inherited by other classes. An abstract class can have abstract methods
that are not implemented in the abstract class, but in subclasses.
A class that contains one or more abstract
methods, and therefore can never be instantiated. Abstract classes are
defined so that other classes can extend them and make them concrete by
implementing the abstract methods.
A method that has no implementation.
The arguments specified in a particular method
call. See also formal
parameter list.
A value that indicates the opacity of a pixel.
Application Programming Interface. The
specification of how a programmer writing an application accesses the behavior
and state of classes and objects.
Networked devices such as printers, Java(TM)
technology-enabled terminals, and clients, that are managed using applications
built using the Java Management API (JMAPI).
A program written in the Java(TM) programming
language to run within a web browser compatible with the Java platform, such as
HotJava(TM) or Netscape Navigator(TM).
A data item specified in a method call. An
argument can be a literal value, a variable, or an expression.
A collection of data items, all of the same
type, in which each item's position is uniquely designated by an integer.
American Standard Code for Information
Interchange. A standard assignment of 7-bit numeric codes to characters. See
also Unicode.
Refers to an operation that is never interrupted
or left in an incomplete state under any circumstance.
A reusable software component. Beans can be
combined to create an application.
An operator that has two arguments.
The smallest unit of information in a computer,
with a value of either 0 or 1.
An operator that manipulates two values
comparing each bit of one value to the corresponding bit of the other value.
In the Java(TM) programming language, any code
between matching braces. Example: {
x = 1; }.
Refers to an expression or variable that can
have only a true or false value. The Java(TM) programming language provides the
boolean type and the literal values true and false.
For a Raster object, the smallest rectangle that
completely encloses all the pixels that are not fully transparent.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
resume program execution at the statement immediately following the current
statement. If followed by a label, the program resumes execution at the labeled
statement.
A sequence of eight bits. The Java(TM)
programming language provides a corresponding byte type.
Machine-independent code generated by the
Java(TM) compiler and executed by the Java interpreter.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword that
defines a group of statements to begin executing if a value specified matches
the value defined by a preceding "switch" keyword.
Explicit conversion from one data type to
another.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
declare a block of statements to be executed in the event that a Java
exception, or run time error, occurs in a preceding "try" block.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
declare a variable of type character.
In the Java(TM) programming language, a type
that defines the implementation of a particular kind of object. A class
definition defines instance and class variables and methods, as well as
specifying the interfaces the class implements and the immediate superclass of
the class. If the superclass is not explicitly specified, the superclass will
implicitly be Object.
A method that is invoked without reference to a
particular object. Class methods affect the class as a whole, not a particular
instance of the class. Also called a static method. See also instance method.
A classpath is an environmental variable which
tells the Java(TM) virtual machine* and Java technology-based
applications (for example, the tools located in the JDK(TM) 1.1.X\bin
directory) where to find the class libraries, including user-defined class
libraries.
A data item associated with a particular class
as a whole--not with particular instances of the class. Class variables are
defined in class definitions. Also called a static field. See also instance variable.
In the client/server model of communcations, the
client is a process that remotely accesses resources of a compute server, such
as compute power and large memory capacity.
Works together with the code attribute in the <APPLET> tag
to give a complete specification of where to find the main applet class file:
code specifies the name of the file, and codebase specifies the URL of the
directory containing the file.
In a program, explanatory text that is ignored
by the compiler. In programs written in the Java(TM) programming language,
comments are delimited using // or /*...*/.
The smallest unit of source code that can be
compiled. In the current implementation of the Java(TM) platform, the
compilation unit is a file.
A program to translate source code into code to
be executed by a computer. The Java(TM) compiler translates source code written
in the Java programming language into bytecode for the Java virtual machine*.
See also interpreter.
The process of superimposing one image on
another to create a single image.
A pseudo-method that creates an object. In the
Java(TM) programming language, constructors are instance methods with the same
name as their class. Constructors are invoked using the new keyword.
This is a reserved Java(TM) programming language
keyword. However, it is not used by current versions of the Java programming
language.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
resume program execution at the end of the current loop. If followed by a
label, "continue" resumes execution where the label occurs.
A public class (or interface) that is a standard
member of the Java(TM) Platform. The intent is that the core classes for the
Java platform, at minimum, are available on all operating systems where the
Java platform runs. A program written entirely in the Java programming language
relies only on core classes, meaning it can run anywhere. See also, 100% Pure Java(TM).
The required set of APIs in a Java platform
edition which must be supported in any and all compatible implementations.
A segment of code in which a thread uses
resources (such as certain instance variables) that can be used by other
threads, but that must not be used by them at the same time.
A statement that establishes an identifier and
associates attributes with it, without necessarily reserving its storage (for
data) or providing the implementation (for methods). See also definition.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword
optionally used after all "case" conditions in a "switch"
statement. If all "case" conditions are not matched by the value of
the "switch" variable, the "default" keyword will be executed.
A declaration that reserves storage (for data)
or provides implementation (for methods). See also declaration.
Refers to a class, interface, constructor,
method or field that is no longer recommended, and may cease to exist in a future
version.
Class X is "derived from" class Y if
class X extends class Y. See also subclass, superclass.
Running in more than one address space.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
declare a loop that will iterate a block of statements. The loop`s exit
condition can be specified with the "while" keyword.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
define a variable of type double.
In the Java(TM) programming language
specification, describes a floating point number that holds 64 bits of data.
See also single precision.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
execute a block of statements in the case that the test condition with the
"if" keyword evaluates to false.
The availability of Sun's Java 2 Platform, Micro
Edition technology under a restrictive license agreement that allows a licensee
to leverage certain Java technologies to create and deploy a closed-box
application that exposes no APIs.
The localization of knowledge within a module.
Because objects encapsulate data and implementation, the user of an object can
view the object as a black box that provides services. Instance variables and
methods can be added, deleted, or changed, but as long as the services provided
by the object remain the same, code that uses the object can continue to use it
without being rewritten. See alsoinstance variable, instance method.
An event during program execution that prevents
the program from continuing normally; generally, an error. The Java(TM)
programming language supports exceptions with the try, catch, and throw
keywords. See also exception handler.
A block of code that reacts to a specific type
of exception. If the exception is for an error that the program can
recover from, the program can resume executing after the exception handler has
executed.
An application that runs from within an HTML
file. See also applet.
Class X extends class Y to add functionality,
either by adding fields or methods to class Y, or by overriding methods of
class Y. An interface extends another interface by adding methods. Class X is
said to be a subclass of class Y. See also derived from.
First Customer Ship. The day in which a product
is released/shipped to the customer.
A data member of a class. Unless specified
otherwise, a field is not static.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword. You
define an entity once and cannot change it or derive from it later. More specifically:
a final class cannot be subclassed, a final method cannot be overridden and a
final variable cannot change from its initialized value.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword that
executes a block of statements regardless of whether a Java Exception, or run
time error, occurred in a block defined previously by the "try"
keyword.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
define a floating point number variable.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
declare a loop that reiterates statements. The programmer can specify the
statements to be executed, exit conditions, and initialization variables for
the loop.
The basic Internet File Transfer Protocol. FTP,
which is based on TCP/IP, enables the fetching and storing of files between
hosts on the Internet. See also TCP/IP.
The parameters specified in the definition of a
particular method. See also actual parameter list.
The automatic detection and freeing of memory
that is no longer in use. The Java(TM) runtime system performs garbage
collection so that programmers never explicitly free objects.
This is a reserved Java(TM) programming language
keyword. However, it is not used by current versions of the Java programming
language.
Graphical User Interface. Refers to the
techniques involved in using graphics, along with a keyboard and a mouse, to
provide an easy-to-use interface to some program.
The numbering system that uses 16 as its base.
The marks 0-9 and a-f (or equivalently A-F) represent the digits 0 through 15.
In programs written in the Java(TM) programming language, hexadecimal numbers
must be preceded with 0x. See also octal.
A classification of relationships in which each
item except the top one (known as the root) is a specialized form of the item
above it. Each item can have one or more items below it in the hierarchy. In
the Java(TM) class hierarchy, the root is the Object class.
An easily customizable Web browser developed by
Sun Microsystems, which is written in the Java(TM) programming language.
HyperText Markup Language. This is a file
format, based on SGML, for hypertext documents on the Internet. It is very
simple and allows for the embedding of images, sounds, video streams, form
fields and simple text formatting. References to other objects are embedded
using URLs.
HyperText Transfer Protocol. The Internet protocol,
based on TCP/IP, used to fetch hypertext objects from remote hosts. See also TCP/IP.
Interface Definition Language. APIs written in
the Java(TM) programming language that provide standards-based interoperability
and connectivity with CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture).
The name of an item in a program written in the
Java(TM) programming language.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
conduct a conditional test and execute a block of statements if the test
evaluates to true.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword
optionally included in the class declaration to specify any interfaces that are
implemented by the current class.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used at
the beginning of a source file that can specify classes or entire packages to
be referred to later without including their package names in the reference.
The concept of classes automatically containing
the variables and methods defined in their supertypes. See also superclass, subclass.
An object of a particular class. In programs
written in the Java(TM) programming language, an instance of a class is created
using the new operator followed by the class name.
Any method that is invoked with respect to an
instance of a class. Also called simply a method. See also class method.
Any item of data that is associated with a
particular object. Each instance of a class has its own copy of the instance
variables defined in the class. Also called a field. See also class variable.
A two-argument Java(TM) programming language
keyword that tests whether the run-time type of its first argument is
assignment compatible with its second argument.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
define a variable of type integer.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
define a collection of method definitions and constant values. It can later be
implemented by classes that define this interface with the
"implements" keyword.
An enormous network consisting of literally
millions of hosts from many organizations and countries around the world. It is
physically put together from many smaller networks and data travels by a common
set of protocols.
Internet Protocol. The basic protocol of the
Internet. It enables the unreliable delivery of individual packets from one
host to another. It makes no guarantees about whether or not the packet will be
delivered, how long it will take, or if multiple packets will arrive in the
order they were sent. Protocols built on top of this add the notions of
connection and reliability. See also TCP/IP.
A module that alternately decodes and executes
every statement in some body of code. The Java(TM) interpreter decodes and
executes bytecode for the Java virtual machine*. See also compiler,runtime system.
Java(TM) Application
Environment. The source code release of the Java Development Kit (JDK(TM))
software.
Java ARchive. A file
format used for aggregating many files into one.
JAR (Java Archive) is a
platform-independent file format that aggregates many files into one. Multiple
applets written in the Java(TM) programming language, and their requisite
components (.class files, images, sounds and other resource files) can be
bundled in a JAR file and subsequently downloaded to a browser in a single HTTP
transaction. It also supports file compression and digital signatures.
Sun's trademark for a
set of technologies for creating and safely running software programs in both
stand-alone and networked environments.
Java Application Environment (JAE)
The source code release of the Java Development
Kit (JDK(TM)) software.
A portable, platform-independent reusable
component model.
A product that enables developers to simplify
database application development by mapping database records to objects in the
Java(TM) programming language (Java objects) and Java objects to databases.
An ISO 7816-4 compliant application environment
focused on smart cards.
A tool for checking compliance of applications
and applets to a specification.
Sun's processor, which executes bytecode for the
Java(TM) virtual machine* natively. With a JavaChip processor,
bytecode bypasses the virtual machine or just-in-time compiler stage to go
directly to the processor.
A test suite, a set of tools, and other
requirements used to certify a Java platform implementation conformant both to
the applicable Java platform specifications and to Java Software reference
implementations.
An industry standard for database-independent
connectivity between the Java(TM) platform and a wide range of databases. The
JDBC(TM) provides a call-level API for SQL-based database access.
A service designed for individual developers,
providing online training, product discounts, feature articles, bug
information, and early access capabilities.
A software development environment for writing
applets and applications in the Java programming language.
A structured architecture for the development of
electronic commerce applications in the Java(TM) programming language.
This API makes it easy to create large-scale
commercial and database applications that can share multimedia data with other
applications within an organization or across the Internet. Four APIs have been
designed within the Java(TM) Enterprise API family.
An extension that adds graphical user interface
class libraries to the Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT).
APIs written in the Java programming language
that provide standards-based interoperability and connectivity with CORBA
(Common Object Request Broker Architecture).
A set of APIs that support the integration of
audio and video clips, 2D fonts, graphics, and images as well as 3D models and
telephony.
The core framework supports clocks for
synchronizing between different media (e.g., audio and video output). The
standard extension framework allows users to do full audio and video streaming.
A set of APIs that assists with the interfacing
to multiple naming and directory services.
An Java(TM) technology-based operating system
that is optimized to run on a variety of computing and consumer platforms. The
JavaOS(TM) operating environment provides a runtime specifically tuned to run
applications written in the Java programming language directly on hardware
platforms without requiring a host operating system.
An object-oriented design and diagramming tool
written in the Java(TM) programming language.
Consists of a language for writing programs
("the Java(TM) programming language"); a set of APIs, class
libraries, and other programs used in developing, compiling, and error-checking
programs; and a virtual machine which loads and executes the class files.
In addition, the Java platform is subject to a set of compatibility requirements to ensure consistent and compatible implementations. Implementations that meet the compatibility requirements may qualify for Sun's targeted compatibility brands.
The Java(TM) 2 platform is the current generation of the Java platform.
In addition, the Java platform is subject to a set of compatibility requirements to ensure consistent and compatible implementations. Implementations that meet the compatibility requirements may qualify for Sun's targeted compatibility brands.
The Java(TM) 2 platform is the current generation of the Java platform.
A Java platform "edition" is a
definitive and agreed-upon version of the Java platform that provides the
functionality needed over a broad market segment.
An edition is comprised of two kinds of API sets: (i) "core packages," which are essential to all implementations of a given platform edition, and (ii) "optional packages," which are available for a given platform edition and which may be supported in a compatible implementation.
There are 3 distinct editions of the Java Platform:
* Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition:
The edition of the Java platform that is targeted at enterprises to enable development, deployment, and management of multi-tier server-centric applications.
* Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition:
The edition of the Java platform that enables development, deployment, and management of cross-platform, general-purpose applications.
* Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition:
The edition of the Java platform that is targeted at small, standalone or connectable consumer and embedded devices to enable development, deployment, and management of applications that can scale from smart cards through mobile devices and set-top boxes to conventional computing devices.
An edition is comprised of two kinds of API sets: (i) "core packages," which are essential to all implementations of a given platform edition, and (ii) "optional packages," which are available for a given platform edition and which may be supported in a compatible implementation.
There are 3 distinct editions of the Java Platform:
* Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition:
The edition of the Java platform that is targeted at enterprises to enable development, deployment, and management of multi-tier server-centric applications.
* Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition:
The edition of the Java platform that enables development, deployment, and management of cross-platform, general-purpose applications.
* Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition:
The edition of the Java platform that is targeted at small, standalone or connectable consumer and embedded devices to enable development, deployment, and management of applications that can scale from smart cards through mobile devices and set-top boxes to conventional computing devices.
A distributed object model for Java(TM) program
to Java program, in which the methods of remote objects written in the Java
programming language can be invoked from other Java virtual machines*,
possibly on different hosts.
A subset of the Java Development Kit (JDK(TM))
for end-users and developers who want to redistribute the runtime environment
alone. The Java runtime environment consists of the Java virtual machine*,
the Java core classes, and supporting files.
A tool for tracking and managing source file
changes, written in the Java(TM) programming language.
A Web scripting language that is used in both
browsers and Web servers. Like all scripting languages, it is used primarily to
tie other components together or to accept user input.
The first program that allows you to easily
create Java(TM) technology-based applications and applets without having to
know the Java programming language.
A set of technologies that enable the creation
and safe running of software programs in both stand-alone and networked
environments.
Sun's specification for or implementation of a
software "execution engine" that safely and compatibly executes the
byte codes in Java class files on a microprocessor (whether in a computer or in
another electronic device).
* Java HotSpot(TM) performance engine - Sun's ultra-high-performance engine for implementing the Java runtime environment which features an adaptive compiler that dynamically optimizes the performance of running applications.
* KJava(TM) virtual machine - Sun's small-footprint, highly optimized foundation of a runtime environment within the Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition. Derived from the Java virtual machine, it is targeted at small connected devices and can scale from 30KB to approximately 128KB, depending on the target device's functionality.
* Java Card(TM) virtual machine - Sun's ultra-small-footprint, highly-optimized foundation of a runtime environment within the Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition. Derived from the Java virtual machine, it is targeted at smart cards and other severely memory-constrained devices and can run in devices with memory as small as 24K of ROM, 16K of EEPROM, and 512 bytes of RAM.
* Java HotSpot(TM) performance engine - Sun's ultra-high-performance engine for implementing the Java runtime environment which features an adaptive compiler that dynamically optimizes the performance of running applications.
* KJava(TM) virtual machine - Sun's small-footprint, highly optimized foundation of a runtime environment within the Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition. Derived from the Java virtual machine, it is targeted at small connected devices and can scale from 30KB to approximately 128KB, depending on the target device's functionality.
* Java Card(TM) virtual machine - Sun's ultra-small-footprint, highly-optimized foundation of a runtime environment within the Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition. Derived from the Java virtual machine, it is targeted at smart cards and other severely memory-constrained devices and can run in devices with memory as small as 24K of ROM, 16K of EEPROM, and 512 bytes of RAM.
The easy-to-use, extensible, easy-to-administer,
secure, platform-independent solution to speed and simplify the deployment and
management of your Internet and Intranet Web sites. It provides immediate
productivity for robust, full-featured, Java technology-based server
applications.
A complete set of tools integrated into a single
environment for managing programming with Java technology. The Java Workshop
software uses a highly modular structure that enables you to easily plug new
tools into the overall structure.
A user interface, built on the Java(TM)
Electronic Commerce Framework, which allows for online purchases, value
transfers, and administrative functions.
A technology that provides distributed
persistence and data exchange mechanisms for code in the Java(TM) programming
language.
A former business unit of Sun Microsystems,
Inc., currently known as Sun Microsystems, Inc., Java Software division.
Java(TM) Database Connectivity. An industry
standard for database-independent connectivity between the Java platform and a
wide range of databases. The JDBC interface provides a call-level API for
SQL-based database access.
Java(TM) Development Kit software. A software
development environment for writing applets and application in the Java
programming language.
Java(TM) Foundation Class. An extension that
adds graphical user interface class libraries to the Abstract Windowing Toolkit
(AWT).
Sun's Jini technology includes a set of APIs
that may be incorporated an optional package for any Java 2 platform edition.
This set of APIs enables transparent networking of devices and services and
eliminates the need for system or network administration intervention by a
user.
The Jini technology is currently an optional package available on all Java 2 platform editions.
The Jini technology is currently an optional package available on all Java 2 platform editions.
Java(TM) Management API. A collection of Java
programming language classes and interfaces that allow developers to build
system, network, and service management applications.
Java Naming and Directory Interface(TM). A set
of APIs that assist with the interfacing to multiple naming and directory
services.
Joint Photographic Experts Group. An image file
compression standard established by this group. It achieves tremendous
compression at the cost of introducing distortions into the image which are
almost always imperceptible.
Java(TM) runtime environment. A subset of the
Java Developer Kit for end-users and developers who want to redistribute the
runtime environment. The Java runtime environment consists of the Java virtual
machine*, the Java core classes, and supporting files.
A compiler that converts all of the bytecode
into native machine code just as a Java(TM) program is run. This results in
run-time speed improvements over code that is interpreted by a Java virtual
machine*.
Java(TM) Virtual Machine*. The part of
the Java Runtime Environment responsible for interpreting bytecodes.
The Java(TM) programming language sets aside
words as keywords - these words are reserved by the language itself and
therefore are not available as names for variables or methods.
Pertaining to how the characters in source code
are translated into tokens that the compiler can understand.
A module that builds an executable, complete
program from component machine code modules. The Java(TM) linker creates a
runnable program from compiled classes. See also compiler, interpreter,runtime system.
The basic representation of any integer,
floating point, or character value. For example, 3.0 is a double-precision
floating point literal, and "a" is a character literal.
A data item known within a block, but
inaccessible to code outside the block. For example, any variable defined
within a method is a local variable and can't be used outside the method.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
define a variable of type long.
A field or method of a class. Unless specified otherwise, a member is not
static.
A function defined in a class. See also instance method, class method. Unless specified otherwise, a method is not static.
A program that provides a simple GUI that enables
easy access to the data stored on the Internet. These data may be simple files
or hypertext documents. Mosaic was written by a team at NCSA.
Describes a program that is designed to have
parts of its code execute concurrently. See also thread.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword that is
used in method declarations to specify that the method is not implemented in
the same Java source file, but rather in another language.
National Center for
Supercomputer Applications. See also Mosaic.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
create an instance of a class.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
specify an undefined value for reference variables.
The principal building blocks of object-oriented
programs. Each object is a programming unit consisting of data (instance variables) and functionality (instance methods). See also class.
A software design method that models the
characteristics of abstract or real objects using classes and objects.
The numbering system using 8 as its base, using
the numerals 0-7 as its digits. In programs written in the Java(TM) programming
language, octal numbers must be preceded with 0. See alsohexadecimal.
The set or sets of APIs in a Java platform
edition which are available with and may be supported in a compatible
implementation.
Over time, optional packages may become required in an edition as the marketplace requires them.
Over time, optional packages may become required in an edition as the marketplace requires them.
Using one identifier to refer to multiple items
in the same scope. In the Java(TM) programming language, you can overload
methods but not variables or operators.
Providing a different implementation of a method
in a subclass of the class that originally defined the method.
A group of types. Packages are declared with the package keyword.
In networking, any functional unit in the same
layer as another entity.
A Java runtime environment for
network-connectable applications on personal consumer devices for home, office,
and mobile use.
The smallest addressable picture element on a
display screen or printed page.
Portable Operating System for UNIX(TM). A
standard that defines the language interface between the UNIX operating system
and application programs through a minimal set of supported functions.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used in
a method or variable declaration. It signifies that the method or variable can
only be accessed by other elements of its class.
A virtual address space containing one or more
threads.
Characteristics of an object that users can set,
such as the color of a window.
A Profile is a collection of Java APIs that
complements one or more Java 2 Platform Editions by adding domain-specific
capabilities. Profiles may also include other defined Profiles. A profile
implementation requires a Java 2 Platform Edition to create a complete
development and deployment environment in a targeted vertical market. Each
profile is subject to an associated set of compatibility requirements.
Profiles may be usable on one or more editions.
Some examples of profiles within the Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition are:
* PersonalJava(TM) - for non-PC products that need to display web-compatible Java-based content
* Java Card(TM) - for secure smart cards and other severely memory-constrained devices.
Profiles may be usable on one or more editions.
Some examples of profiles within the Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition are:
* PersonalJava(TM) - for non-PC products that need to display web-compatible Java-based content
* Java Card(TM) - for secure smart cards and other severely memory-constrained devices.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used in
a method or variable declaration. It signifies that the method or variable can
only be accessed by elements residing in its class, subclasses, or classes in
the same package.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used in
a method or variable declaration. It signifies that the method or variable can
be accessed by elements residing in other classes.
A line of pixels.
A data element whose value is an address.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
finish the execution of a method. It can be followed by a value required by the
method definition.
Request for Enhancement.
See Java Remote Method Invocation.
In a hierarchy of items, the one item from which
all other items are descended. The root item has nothing above it in the
hierarchy. See also hierarchy, class, package.
Remote Procedure Call. Executing what looks like
a normal procedure call (or method invocation) by sending network packets to
some remote host.
The software environment in which programs
compiled for the Java(TM) virtual machine* can run. The runtime
system includes all the code necessary to load programs written in the Java
programming language, dynamically link native methods, manage memory, handle
exceptions, and an implementation of the Java virtual machine, which may be a
Java interpreter.
Comprises a number of cooperating system
components, ranging from security managers that execute as part of the
application, to security measures designed into the Java(TM) virtual machine* and
the language itself. The sandbox ensures that an untrusted, and possibly
malicious, application cannot gain access to system resources.
A characteristic of an identifier that
determines where the identifier can be used. Most identifiers in the Java(TM)
programming environment have either class or local scope. Instance and class
variables and methods have class scope; they can be used outside the class and
its subclasses only by prefixing them with an instance of the class or (for
class variables and methods) with the class name. All other variables are
declared within methods and have local scope; they can be used only within the
enclosing block.
A protocol that allows communication between a
Web browser and a server to be encrypted for privacy.
A server-side program that gives Java(TM)
technology-enabled servers additional functionality.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
define a variable of type short.
In the Java(TM) language specification,
describes a floating point number with 32 bits of data. See also double precision.
Standardized Generalized Markup Language. An
ISO/ANSI/ECMA standard that specifies a way to annotate text documents with
information about types of sections of a document.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
define a variable as a class variable. Classes maintain one copy of class
variables regardless of how many instances exist of that class.
"static" can also be used to define a method as a class method. Class
methods are invoked by the class instead of a specific instance, and can only
operate on class variables.
Another name for class variable.
Another name for class method.
An array that is inside another array.
A class that is derived from a particular class,
perhaps with one or more classes in between. See also superclass, supertype.
If type X extends or implements
type Y, then X is a subtype of Y. See also supertype.
A class from which a particular class is
derived, perhaps with one or more classes in between. See also subclass, subtype.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
access members of a class inherited by the class in which it appears.
The supertypes of a type are all the interfaces
and classes that are extended or implemented by that type. See also subtype, superclass.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
evaluate a variable that can later be matched with a value specified by the
"case" keyword in order to execute a group of statements.
The code name for a collection of graphical user
interface (GUI) components that runs uniformly on any native platform which
supports the Java(TM) virtual machine*. Because they are written
entirely in the Java programming language, these components may provide
functionality above and beyond that provided by native-platform equivalents.
(Contrast with AWT.)
A keyword in the Java programming language that,
when applied to a method or code block, guarantees that at most one thread at a
time executes that code.
Transmission Control Protocol based on IP. This
is an Internet protocol that provides for the reliable delivery of streams of
data from one host to another. See also IP.
A test suite, a set of tools, and other
requirements used to certify an implementation of a particular Sun technology
conformant both to the applicable specifications and to Sun or Sun-designated
reference implementations.
A system that runs a very light operating system
with no local system administration and executes applications delivered over
the network.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword that can
be used to represent an instance of the class in which it appears.
"this" can be used to access class variables and methods.
The basic unit of program execution. A process
can have several threads running concurrently, each performing a different job,
such as waiting for events or performing a time-consuming job that the program
doesn't need to complete before going on. When a thread has finished its job,
the thread is suspended or destroyed. See also process.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword that
allows the user to throw an exception or any class that implements the
"throwable" interface.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used in
method declarations that specify which exceptions are not handled within the
method but rather passed to the next higher level of the program.
A keyword in the Java programming language that
indicates that a field is not part of the serialized form of an object. When an
object is serialized, the values of its transient fields are not included in
the serial representation, while the values of its non-transient fields are
included.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword that
defines a block of statements that may throw a Java language exception. If an
exception is thrown, an optional "catch" block can handle specific
exceptions thrown within the "try" block. Also, an optional "finally"
block will be executed regardless of whether an exception is thrown or not.
A class or interface.
A 16-bit character set defined by ISO 10646. See
also ASCII. All source code in the Java(TM) programming
environment is written in Unicode.
Uniform Resource Locator. A standard for writing
a text reference to an arbitrary piece of data in the WWW. A URL looks like
"protocol://host/localinfo" where protocol specifies a protocol to
use to fetch the object (like HTTP or FTP), host specifies the Internet name of
the host on which to find it, and localinfo is a string (often a file name)
passed to the protocol handler on the remote host.
An item of data named by an identifier. Each
variable has a type, such as int or Object, and a scope. See also class variable, instance variable, local
variable.
An abstract specification for a computing device
that can be implemented in different ways, in software or hardware. You compile
to the instruction set of a virtual machine much like you'd compile to the
instruction set of a microprocessor. The Java(TM) virtual machine* consists
of a bytecode instruction set, a set of registers, a stack, a garbage-collected
heap, and an area for storing methods.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used in
method declarations to specify that the method does not return any value.
"void" can also be used as a nonfunctional statement.
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used in
variable declarations that specifies that the variable is modified
asynchronously by concurrently running threads.
A UNIX® command which will wait for all
background processes to complete, and report their termination status.
while
A Java(TM) programming language keyword used to
declare a loop that iterates a block of statements. The loop`s exit condition
is specified as part of the while statement.
Files on a file system that can be viewed (read)
by any user. For example: files residing on web servers can only be viewed by
Internet users if their permissions have been set to world readable.
An object that encapsulates and delegates to
another object to alter its interface or behavior in some way.
World Wide Web. The web of systems and the data
in them that is the Internet. See also Internet.
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